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UNITED STATESV PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES LANCASTER,VOF-NEVVARK, NEW JERSEY.

STOVE.

srnerrrca'rron forming part of Letters Patent No. 322,731, dared July 21, 1885.

Application filed January 24, 1885.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLEs Lancas- TER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stoves; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

rIhe object of this invention is to provide a heating apparatus of increased radiating-surface, whereby the entire burning-surface of the coal is utilized in heating` audit consists of the device substantially as hereinafter described and claimed, and illustrated in the aecompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a front elevation of my improved heating apparatus; Fig. 2, a vertical section of Fig. l through line x. Fig. 3 is a vertical section ofthe drum, Ste., similar to Fig. 2, but showing another kind of drum-'raising mechanism. Fig. 4L is a transverse section through Fig. 2 in the direction of line y. Figs. 5 and 6 are plans of the grate-ring and ash-receptacle, respectively; and Figs. 7 and 8 are views illustrating details of construction, which will be specifically referred to hereinafter.

Similar referenceletters indicate like parts in each of the above-described figures.

The primary result which I desire to secure by my invention is the utilization of all of the heat given off from a body of coal or other fuel, without any loss, by permanently cover ing all or a certain portion of the radiatingsurface, as in ordinary grates or stoves. To accomplish this I employ a grate, a, exposed on all sides, in which the bars are preferably arranged vertically, as illustrated, said bars being placed as near together as may be necessary. A drum, b, is arranged so as to be raised and lowered by suitable mechanism to cover and uncover the grate, whereby the force of the draft is regulated, and the amount of heat radiated from the coal increased or diminished.

In the drawings two methods of operating the drum are shown-one by a shaft, c,vvhich extends through the cylinder b, having gear- (No model.)

wheels d d which engage with toothed plates e e,secured to the inside of the cylinder, said shaft extending through the post f at the back of the stove, and provided with a handle, g, whereby the said shaft and gear-wheels are actuated; the other method consisting of attaching a chain to the top of the drum and running the same over a curved arm, an extension of the post having one or more pulleys thereon, as illustrated in Fig; 3, down to the rear of the post, where it can be reeled upon a drum, g', formed upon the handle, as Will be readily understood by reference to the drawings.

The verticallyadjustable drum b is so adjusted or fitted to and around the post f at the backH of the grate as to secure a tight joint impervious to the passage of the gases. In Fig. 7 is illustrated two of the several ways in which this maybe carried out-the drum being bent once around the corner at the back, as shown inthe view numbered I, or bent around the front and back of said post,forniing a more complete joint, as indicated in views numbered Zand 3. If desirable, for more perfect security, a piece of asbestos or other suitable packing, b, may be applied tothe post between the drum portion and the post, as indicated iu view B of Fig.7, the packing either eX- tending the entire height of the post and secured thereto, or attached to the drum and moving therewith.

It will be seen that the drum laps but a short distance around the back of the post, leaving a space between. This is designed to prevent the drum, as it is raised and lowered,interfering with the pipe m, which passes through said post; and, furthermore, permits the arrangement of the drum or wheel g, upon which the chain is wound at the back of the post, as indicated in Fig. 3.

h are bars extending from the base upward above the rim t' of the grate into which they are countersunk, and to which they are bolted or secured in any suitable manner, whichv serve to steady and direct the drum as it is raised and lowered.

The bar h', through which the shaft passes, is bent above the rim, as indicated in Fig.'2, to provide space between it and the drum for the gear-wheel d.

The post f, which is preferably cast inte- ICO gral with the base,is perforated above the grate to allow the insertion of a draft-pipe, m, having ahood, m", to direct the gases into the pipe, said hood m being formed by spreading the end of the pipe similar to a scoop.

Around the grate-bars is placed a concave ash-receiver, o, having slots o therein, which open into channels p through thebase,through which the ashes, 85e., that fall from the grate may be swept into the ash-pan in the bottom of the stove.

r is the grate upon which the fuel rests, said grate being of any suitable and wellknown construction.4 A

Coal may be fed to the stove over the rim,by

` lifting the drum above the same, or through a door, s, in the drum. Y

lWhen in use,it is necessary in building the iire to lower the drum, as indicated in Fig. 2, and as the lire starts the drum is gradually lifted, as desirable, to increase the draft or to uncover a larger radiating-surface; but the drum should never be raised above the rim or the draft-pipe, else thev gases would be diverted from their proper channel and escape into the room.

I may, should I find it desirable, provide a slide, s,near the top of the drum,whereby air may be admitted to the same, and the gases generated from the fire be consumed, thereby increasing theheat.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is- 1. The combination,with a grate open on all sides, oi' an inclosing-drum consisting of a narrow stationary section, and a section inclosing the other part of the grate and loosely engaging the stationary section, the stationary section being provided with a smoke-pipe and extending above the grate, whereby the drum may be raised and a greater or less portion of the grate exposed for the purposes set forth.

2. In a stove or heating apparatus, in combination, a grate open on all sides, an inclosing-drum consisting of a Anarrow stationary section and a section inclosing the other part ofthe grate and loosely engaging the stationary section, the stationary section or post provided with a smoke-pipe which passes therethrough and extending above the grate upon which the drum moves as it is raised and lowered, the base with which the post is cast integrally, and raising and lowering mechanism consisting of one or more pulleys arranged upon the post, and a reeling drum or cylinder upon which the cord or chain, which is secured to the top of the drum and passes over the pulleys, is wound, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 10th day of January, 1885.

CHARLES LANCASTER.

Vitnesses:

FREDK. F. CAMPBELL, CsoAR A. MICHEL. 

